How to use a multipurpose SNARE: The emerging role of Snap29 in cellular health

Authors:

Valeria Mastrodonato1,#, Elena Morelli1,#  and Thomas Vaccari1
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Affiliations:

1 Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Universita’ degli Studi di Milano, Italy.

# Equal contribution.

Keywords: 

Snap29, membrane trafficking, endocytosis, autophagy, SNARE proteins, SNAP family, cell division.

Abbreviations:

CEDNIK – cerebral dysgenesis, neuropathy, ichtyosis and keratoderma,

HOPS – homotypic fusion and protein sorting,

HPIV – human para influenza virus,

IL – Interleukin,

SNAP – synaptosomal-associated protein,

SNARE - soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment receptor,

Syx – syntaxin.

Corresponding Author(s):

Thomas Vaccari, , Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Universita’ degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; Tel: +39 02503-14886 ; Fax: +39 02503-14880 thomas.vaccari@unimi.it

Conflict of interest statement:

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Please cite this article as:

Valeria Mastrodonato, Elena Morelli and Thomas Vaccari (2018). How to use a multipurpose SNARE: The emerging role of Snap29 in cellular health. Cell Stress 2(4): 72-81. doi: 10.15698/cst2018.04.130

© 2018 Mastrodonato et al. This is an open-access article released under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows the unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are acknowledged.

Abstract:

Despite extensive study, regulation of membrane trafficking is incompletely understood. In particular, the specific role of SNARE (Soluble NSF Attachment REceptor) proteins for distinct trafficking steps and their mechanism of action, beyond the core function in membrane fusion, are still elusive. Snap29 is a SNARE protein related to Snap25 that gathered a lot of attention in recent years. Here, we review the study of Snap29 and its emerging involvement in autophagy, a self eating process that is key to cell adaptation to changing environments, and in other trafficking pathways. We also discuss Snap29 role in synaptic transmission and in cell division, which might extend the repertoire of SNARE-mediated functions. Finally, we present evidence connecting Snap29 to human disease, highlighting the importance of Snap29 function in tissue development and homeostasis.