FIGURE 1: Graphical representation of MEKi/CD40 Ab antitumor mechanism. MEKi can play a dual role in anti-tumor immune responses by inducing immunogenic cell death of tumor cells and by eliminating immunosuppressive immune cells in the TME, in particular T-regulatory cells, M2-type macrophages and MDSCs. Agonist anti-CD40 provides co-stimulatory signal, increases antigen presentation, and stimulates CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. These complementary drug actions exert synergistic T cell-dependent anti-tumor effects. Figure created with BioRender.com.